Read Matthew 23:13–33
Questions from the Scripture text: What does Jesus pronounce upon whom (v13a, 14a, 15a, 16a, 23a, 25a, 27a, 29a)? With what question does He challenge them after these pronouncements (v33b)? How does v13 summarize when people imitate the behavior described in v4–7? What two behaviors of theirs does Jesus contrast in v14? What effort do they make (v15), but with what results (cf. v13)? What do they make a big deal out of in v16–22? But what are they failing to emphasize? What do they pay in v23? What do they ignore? What does this make them (v24a)? What do they clean, and fil to clean (v25–26)? What does this make them (v27)? How do they appear to men (v28)? What are they like inside? What do they build and adorn (v29) and say (v30)? But what does this show about them (v31)? Like whom are they behaving (v32)? What does this make them (v33a)?
What does a Pharisee need? Matthew 23:13–33 looks forward to the evening sermon on the coming Lord’s Day. In these twenty-one verses of Holy Scripture, the Holy Spirit teaches us that the children of the first Adam need a new nature from, union with, and to be conformed to the last Adam.
Jesus is ministering both to the scribes and Pharisees, and to those of the multitude who are tempted to follow them. He pronounces woes upon them, hammering away at their delusion of themselves and deception of others, so that the challenge at the end will penetrate: “how can you escape the condemnation of hell?” We need to know that we are under that condemnation before we will take seriously the need to answer the question.
As Jesus does this, then, He gives us an anatomy of someone who appears righteous but is dead and damned.
v13 is really a conclusion drawn from the first 12 verses. They are exalting themselves and therefore shut the door against themselves, and any who follow them.
A second part of the anatomy of a Pharisee is marrying ruthlessness to religion (v14). They have no problem wiping out the resources that remain to a widow after her husband has passed, but their prayers are mere displays, whose length comes not from the piety of a soul poured out to God but from prideful desire to be admired by men.
A third part of the anatomy of a Pharisee is vigorous recruitment activity (which they would indubitably call ‘evangelism’), but the dynamic from v13 is in full (double) force (v15).
A fourth part of the anatomy of a Pharisee is emphasizing what impresses men (gold, expensive offerings, heaven) even in the area of swearing (v16–22). They make a big deal out of oaths and vows, but not because it is an act of worship or before the face of God. Being before God does not impress them.
A fifth part of the anatomy of a Pharisee is emphasizing minute details of behavior over-against the weightier matters of the souls engagement with God: justice (right standing with God), mercy (covenant love for God and men), and faith (dependence upon God and fellowship with God). Whenever the less important matters are emphasized, the weightier matters come to be neglected altogether (v23–24).
A sixth, and related, part of the anatomy of the Pharisee is their focus on cleansing what men can see, although genuine righteousness proceeds from the inside out (v25–26). Such men appear outwardly righteous: they may be an admired husband or father, a respected pillar in the community, an honored elder or pastor in the church. But under the good-looking exterior, they are spiritual corpses (v27–28).
A final part of the anatomy of a Pharisee is their recognizing the sins of past generations, but failing to recognize that they inherited the same nature from which their wickedness came. Just like their fathers thought themselves justified in opposing God’s servants in those days, Pharisees think themselves justified in opposing the men that the Lord sends to preach to them in their own day. And rather than seeing themselves in their forefathers’ sins, they think that they deludedly think that they would have done differently.
What a Pharisee needs to recognize, then, is that he needs the new birth. He needs not only Christ’s righteousness counted for himself, but before that, life from Christ given to Him, and after it, the resurrection life of Christ and the holy character of Christ reproduced in Him. He needs fellowship with God, union with Christ, the indwelling of the Holy Spirit. As the offspring of vipers, this is the only hope that he has of escaping the condemnation of hell!
How do each of the symptoms of being a Pharisee threaten you? What is the inner life of your communion with God like? How can you tell that you are impressed with God Himself in your life? How does your thinking, speaking, interacting reflect an emphasis upon communion with God in Christ?
Sample prayer: Lord, we are the offspring of Adam, and from ourselves there is only death. We deserve hell. Have mercy upon us. By Your Spirit, give us life that we may believe into Christ. Unite us to Him through faith, and count us righteous with His righteousness. By His grace, make us to be godly and holy with His own character, applied to us by His Spirit, we ask in His Name, AMEN!
Suggested songs: ARP24 “The Earth and the Riches” or TPH434 “A Debtor to Mercy Alone”
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